Review Article

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Use of Cartilage Tissue Engineering: The Need for a Rapid Isolation Procedure

Table 2

Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation testing. COL: collagen; OCN: osteocalcin; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; PPARG: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; C/EBP: CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; ACAN: aggrecan.

LineageHistological stainingqPCR gene expression

OsteoblastsAlizarin Red, Von KossaCOL 1A1, OCN, runx 2, ALP
AdipocytesOil Red OPPARG 1 and 2, C/EBP a and d
ChondroblastsAlcian blueCOL 2A1, SOX-9, ACAN