Alginate/Hydroxyapatite-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Improve Dental Pulp Biomineralization and Differentiation

Figure 3

Protein content and cytotoxicity assay on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in the presence of alginate/hydroxyapatite scaffolds. (a) The bar graph represents the quantification of protein content (μg/sample) measured by the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay of DPSCs in the presence of alginate/hydroxyapatite scaffolds over the different experimental conditions. 7, 14, and 28 d DPSCs + DM versus DPSCs; 1, 3, 7, and 14 d scaffold versus DPSCs; 7, 14, and 21 d scaffold + DM versus DPSCs + DM. 7, 14, 21, and 28 d DPSCs versus 1 d DPSCs; 21 d scaffold versus DPSCs; 28 d scaffold + DM versus scaffold. (b) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from DPSCs seeded on alginate/hydroxyapatite scaffolds with or without DM. 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d scaffold versus DPSCs; 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d scaffold + DM versus DPSCs + DM. Scaffold = DPSC-laden scaffolds; scaffold + DM = DPSC-laden scaffolds in the presence of differentiation medium.

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