Research Article

Mechanical Stress Modulates the RANKL/OPG System of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells via α7 nAChR in Human Deciduous Teeth: An In Vitro Study

Figure 1

Isolation, culturing, and identification of PDLSCs. (a) Deciduous incisors and permanent premolars subdivided into three groups (UN, R, and P) showing the morphologies of the human-derived PDLSCs typical of fibroblast-like cells. (b) Cultured PDLSCs showing the mineralized nodules (alizarin red staining) following 21 days of osteogenic induction and lipid clusters (Oil red O staining) following 28 days of adipogenic induction. (c) Flow cytometry analysis of cultured PDLSCs from all groups revealed positive staining for STRO-1, CD146, CD90, CD105, and CD73 and a lack of staining for CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR.