Molecular Profiles of Cell-to-Cell Variation in the Regenerative Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Table 2

Global molecular signatures of cell subsets in heterogeneous MSC cultures.

Cell subset	Molecular signature	MSC source	Reference
Fast growing/multipotent relative to slow-growing MSCs	Upregulated genes: ASPM, AURKB, CCNB2, CDC2, CDC20, CENPF, CEP55, CHEK1, CIT, CKS2, DLG7, E2F2, GINS2, LDB2, MAD2L1, NCAPG, PBK, POLQ, PTTG1, RPA3, RRM2, TOP2A, TWIST1, UBE2C	Human bone marrow and dental tissue	[19]
Fast growing/multipotent MSCs	Upregulated genes: ACAN, ALP1, BMP2, CDC2, CDH1, COL1A1, COL2A1, DLL3, DVL1, FGF2, FOXA2, GDF2, IGF1, JAG1, NEUROG2, NOTCH1, SOX2	Human bone marrow	[56]
Slow-growing MSCs	Upregulated genes: ALDH1A1, CCND2, CD44, DTX1, FGF1, HSPA9, MSX1, TUBB3
Fast growing/multipotent MSCs	Upregulated proteins: CALM1, POMC, TPM4	Human bone marrow	[60]
Slow-growing MSCs	Upregulated proteins: ANXA1, CALD1, ENO1, GAPDH, HSP27, LMNA, PKM
Osteogenic MSCs	Upregulated genes: Col1a1, Col1a2, Comp, Dlx3, Dlx5, Fgfr3, Fmod, Gli1, Hey1, Ibsp, Pitx1, Prrx2, Ptch1, Pth1r, Ror2, Sp7, Tbx3	Mouse bone marrow	[20]
Adipogenic MSCs	Upregulated genes: Abca1, Abcg1, Cebpa, Ctgf, Cxcl12, Dlk1, Foxc2, Inhbb, Lpl, Nr1h3, Pgf, Plin4, Pparg, Prdm16, Sox5, Ucp2
Marrow-forming MSCs relative to MSCs that form fibrous tissue	Upregulated genes: ASPN, BMP2, BMP4, CXCL1, DCN, EYA1, GNAS, ICAM1, IGF1, IL8, MEOX2, MN1, MSX2, OGN, OMD, PRRX1, SFRP2, WISP1	Human bone marrow	[84]
	Downregulated gene: CNN1
Immunomodulatory, VCAM-1^+ relative to VCAM-1^- MSCs	Upregulated genes: COX2, IDO1, IL1A, IL1B, IL6, IL8	Human term placental chorionic villi	[98]
	Upregulated secreted protein: PGE2
Immunomodulatory, tetherin^+ relative to tetherin^- MSCs	Upregulated genes: ADAR, BST2, EIF2AK2, IL18, ISG15, ISG20, MX1, MX2, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, OASL	Human bone marrow	[96]
Trophic activity, ALDH^Bright MSCs	Uniquely secreted proteins: ACVR1, ANG, GREM1, IGF1, METRN, PDGFA, PLXND1, SPON1, VEGFB, WNT5A	Human bone marrow	[116]
Trophic activity, ALDH^Dim MSCs	Uniquely secreted proteins: ANGPTL3, APOH, BMP2, MMP19, PF4, PLG, PTPRM, PTPRU, TIE1

MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells. Nomenclature for global molecular signatures is provided in the supplementary material (available here).