Human Amnion Epithelial Cell Therapy for Chronic Liver Disease

Table 1

Summary of results from studies using hAEC-based therapies in models of liver disease.

Study	Injury model	hAEC treatment	Main results
Manuelpillai et al. [22]	C57BL/6 mice administered CCl4 twice weekly for 4 weeks	Intraperitoneal injection of whole hAECs	Decreased liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis
Sant’Anna et al. [105]	Bile duct ligation in Wistar rats for 6 weeks	Amniotic membrane place over ligation site	Reduced liver fibrosis
Manuelpillai et al. [36]	C57BL/6 mice administered CCl4 twice weekly for 12 weeks	Single and double dose of whole hAECs by intraperitoneal injection	Decrease fibrosis, decreased macrophage infiltration, increased M2 polarisation, and reduced T-cell infiltration
Ricci et al. [106]	Bile duct ligation in Sprague Dawley rats for 6 weeks	Fresh or cryopreserved amniotic membrane place over ligation site	Fresh and cryopreserved amniotic membrane produced the same antifibrotic effects
Alhomrani et al. [24]	C57BL/6 mice administered CCl4 twice weekly for 12 weeks	Tail vein injection of hAEC-CM or hAEC-derived exosomes	hAEC-CM and exosomes derived from hAECs reduce liver inflammation and fibrosis
Kuk et al. [45]	C57BL/6J mice on a Western fast food diet for 42 weeks	Multiple intraperitoneal injections of either whole hAECs or hAEC-CM	hAEC-CM reduces inflammation and fibrosis

CCl₄: carbon tetrachloride; hAEC: human amnion epithelial cell; hAEC-CM: human amnion epithelial cell-conditioned medium.