Review Article

Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Treat Female Infertility: An Update on Female Reproductive Diseases

Table 1

Causes of infertility in female reproductive organs.

DiseaseEtiologiesDefinition

POFGenetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, and infectionsCessation of ovarian function after menarche but before the age of 40, without or with ovarian follicle depletion

PCOSMaternal PCOS, intrauterine hyperandrogenism, inflammatory adipokines, aboriginal origin-Western dietA complex disorder characterized by infertility, hirsutism, obesity, and various menstrual disturbances

EndometriosisOxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, antioxidants and inflammatory, genetic, and epigenetic factorsA condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the uterus

Fallopian tube obstructionNeoplasms, neoplasms, tuboovarian abscessTubal obstruction is caused by inflammation of the fallopian tube or pelvic peritoneum

ASTrauma, infection, low level of estradiol, repeated or aggressive curettage, severe endometritisAbsence of a normal opening in the lumen of the female genital tract, from the fallopian tubes to the vagina

POF: premature ovarian failure; PCOS: polycystic ovary syndrome; AS: Asherman syndrome.