Metabolic Phenotyping of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Reveals a Unique Signature and Intrinsic Differences between Fat Pads

Figure 2

Differences between S- and V-ASC in their differentiation potential. S- and V-ASC were cultivated in ASC culture medium for 2 passages before (J0) the induction of differentiation into adipocytes for 7 days (J7) or into osteoblasts or chondrocytes for 21 (J21). (a) Brightfield images with a ×20 magnification represent adipocytes colored by Oil red O dye, osteoblasts colored with alizarin red dye, chondrocytes colored with alcian blue, and nucleus colored with fast red dye. (b) Quantification of adipogenic transcripts (Dgat2, Pparγ, and Hsl) by RT-qPCR analysis before and after induction of the adipogenic differentiation (). (c) Quantification of osteogenic genes Dmp1 and Gdf15, which are, respectively, early and late markers of osteocytes, by RT-qPCR analysis before and after 21 days of osteogenic differentiation (). (d) Quantification of the chondrogenic differentiation by image analysis using the ImageJ software Fiji. Results present the ratio of the alcian blue-colored surface to the total cell surface and are representative of the proportion of chondrocyte-differentiated cells that are characterized by the expression of alcian blue-stained glycosaminoglycans. Analyzed pictures were from a ×20 magnification (). All results are ; statistics are from -tests: and .

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