Amygdalin Promotes Fracture Healing through TGF-β/Smad Signaling in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Figure 9

Amygdalin promoted C3H10 T1/2 cell chondrogenic gene expression through transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β/Smad signaling. (a) With control (Ctrl: phosphate-buffered saline), TGF-β1, amygdalin, and/or SB525334 treatment in C3H10 T1/2 cells, gene expressions of Tgfβr2, Col2a1, and Sox9 were measured using qRT-PCR analysis. (b) Western blot analyses for phosphorylated SMAD2/3 were conducted on protein lysates from C3H10 T1/2 cells.

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