Review Article
The Application of Mechanical Stimulations in Tendon Tissue Engineering
Table 2
Static uniaxial stretching used in tendon tissue engineering.
| Cell type | Parameters | Effects | Ref |
| Equine ASCs | 4% strain; stretching for 2 h and followed by a 6 h pause. | Promoted cell alignment; more spindle-shaped cell and the elongated nucleus. | [64] | Human BMSCs | 15% strain (day 0-7); 30% strain (after 7 days). | Enhanced COL I and III expression and its alignment; promoted SCX, TNMD expression. Promoted cell adhesion, alignment, and proliferation. | [23] | Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) | Maximum tensile force (just below the failure load). | Expressed COL I and VI but rarely expressed tendon-related proteins. | [65] | Human BMSCs | Double the length of the construct. | The packed and aligned fibrils. Increased ultimate tensile stress. | [66] | Human BMSCs | The constant tension generated by a bioreactor. | Upregulated the expression of SCX; modulated elastin and COL III, XII, and XIV expressions. | [44] | Human fibroblasts | The constant tension generated by a U-shaped spring. | Production of fibers of COL I & III that were aligned longitudinally. | [67] |
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