Stem Cell-Derived Nanovesicles: A Novel Cell-Free Therapy for Wound Healing

Figure 5

CDNs promote wound healing by enhancing angiogenesis, reducing inflammation, increasing cell proliferation and migration, and restoring tissue integrity. The contribution of signaling pathways in which the exosome can activate the Wnt3/catenin, PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT3, Ras/ERK signaling pathways to further accelerate wound healing.