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| Study mode | Characterization | Epigenetic molecules | Mechanism | Function (partly) | References |
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| Human DPSCs/peri-implantitis DPSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Upregulate LINC00968 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | LINC00968 | (i) LINC00968 regulates RUNX2 expression by sponging miR-3658
(ii) (+) Runx2, Osx, and ALP | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DPSCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation and bone formation
In vivo
(i) Generate new bone and nodes in graft | [178] |
| Human DPSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA-CCAT1 | (i) Plastic adherent | lncRNA-CCAT1 | (i) (+) collagen I, OPN, and OCN
(ii) (-) miR-218 | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DPSCs
(ii) Promote cell proliferation and differentiation | [231] |
| Human DPSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA H19 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD146, and negative for CD34 and CD45 | lncRNA H19 | (i) By inhibiting the DNMT3B-mediated methylation of DLX3
(ii) (-) SAHH | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DPSCs
(ii) Promote the odontogenic differentiation | [204] |
| Human DPSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA MEG3 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | lncRNA MEG3 | (i) (+) SMURF1
(ii) (-) miRNA-543, OSX, OPN, OCN, and RUNX2 | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DPSCs
(ii) Inhibit osteogenic differentiation | [232] |
| Human DPSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Silence SNHG7 | (i) Positive for CD29, CD44, and CD90
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | lncRNA SNHG7 | (i) (+) miR-1226-3p and miR-210-5p
(ii) (-) OCN, ALP, DMP1, BSP, BMP2, and DSPP | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DPSCs
(ii) Inhibits osteogenic differentiation | [170] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Inhibit HDAC6 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for CD73, CD90, CD146, and CD29 and negative for CD34 and CD45 | HDAC6 | (i) (-) Acetylation of p27Kip1 | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Accelerate senescence, reduced osteogenic differentiation, diminished migration capacities | [167] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Knockdown circRNA CDR1as | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | circRNA CDR1as | (i) (+) miR-7
(ii) (-) GDF5(BMP14), Smad1/5/8, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Inhibit osteogenic differentiation
(iii) In vivo
(iv) Less bone formation and a larger defect area | [184] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress miRNA-132 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for STRO-1, CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD146 and negative for CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR | miR-132 | (i) (-) GDF5, Runx2, OCN, and ALP | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Inhibits osteogenic differentiation | [233] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Downregulate lncRNA MEG3 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for CD90, CD105, and CD146 and negative for CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD19, and STRO-1 | lncRNA MEG3 | (i) (+) IGF1
(ii) (-) miRNA-27a-3p | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation | [234] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA SNHG1 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for CD73 and CD90 and negative for CD31 and CD34 | lncRNA SNHG1 | (i) By EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 methylation of KLF2 promotor
(ii) (-) OCN, OSX, and ALP | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Inhibit osteogenic differentiation | [235] |
| PDLSCs from periodontitis patients | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA -POIR | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | lncRNA-POIR | (i) (+) FoxO1
(ii) (-) miR-182, cyclin D1, c-myc, and Axin | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation
(iii) In vivo
(iv) Promote osteogenesis | [236] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Upregulate lncRNA TUG1 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for STRO-1 and CD146 and negative for CD45 and CD31 | lncRNA TUG1 | (i) (+) Lin28A, Runx2, OCN, and ALP | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation | [237] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA TUG1 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for STRO-1 and CD146 and negative for CD34 and CD45 | lncRNA TUG1 | (i) (+) Smad2/7, Runx2, OCN, and ALP
(ii) (-) miRNA-222-3p | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation | [238] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Silence lncRNA XIST | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | lncRNA XIST | (i) (+) Runx2, OCN, and ALP
(ii) (-) miR-214-3p | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation | [239] |
| Human PDLSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA MORT | (i) Plastic adherent | lncRNA MORT | — | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of PDLSCs
(ii) Inhibit proliferation, affect the recurrence of periodontitis | [240] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Depletion of KDM2A or BCOR | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | KDM2A/BCOR (Complex) | (i) By promoting methylation of the SFRP2
(ii) (+) OSX | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Promote osteo-/dentinogenic differentiation
In vivo
(i) Enhance bone/dentin-like tissue formation | [112] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Silence KDM2A | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation | KDM2A | (i) (+) SOX2 and NANOG | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Enhance adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation | [39] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress DLX5 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | DLX5 | (i) (+) KDM4B, DSPP, DMP1, OPN, and OSX | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Promote osteo-/dentinogenic differentiation
In vivo
(i) Promote osteo-/dentinogenesis | [241] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress KDM2B | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Chondrogenic differentiation | KDM2B | (i) (-) COL1, COL2, and SOX9 | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Inhibit the chondrogenic differentiation | [242] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Knock down KDM3B | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | KDM3B | (i) (-) ALP, RUNX2, OSX, DSPP, and OCN | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Inhibit the osteo-/odontogenic differentiation, proliferation, and migration | [243] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress miR-34a | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | miR-34a | (i) (-) NOTCH2
(ii) (+) DSPP, RUNX2, OSX, and OCN | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Promote osteo-/odontogenic differentiation | [244] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress miR-141-3p | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Positive for CD29, CD73, CD90, and CD105 and negative for CD34 and CD45 | miR-141-3p | (i) (-) YAP | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Imped proliferative ability, promote senescence | [245] |
| Human SCAPs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA-H19 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | lncRNA-H19 | (i) (+) miR-141, SPAG9 (activate p38 and JNK pathways), Runx2, DSP, and ALP | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of SCAPs
(ii) Promote osteo/odontogenic
In vivo
(i) Enhance the osteo/dentinogenesis | [246] |
| Human DFCs | | | | | |
| (i) Downregulate lncRNA MEG3 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation
(iii) Positive for CD29, CD44, and CD90 and negative for CD31, CD34, and CD45 | lncRNA MEG3 | (i) Activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by decreasing H3K27me3 occupation at the Wnt gene promoters
(ii) (+) β-catenin, ALP, RUNX2, and OCN
(iii) (-) EZH2 | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DFCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation | [247] |
| Human DFCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress lncRNA HOTAIRM1 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | lncRNA HOTAIRM1 | (i) By maintaining the hypomethylated state of the HOXA2 promoter
(ii) (+) HOXA2, ALP, and RUNX2
(iii) (-) DNMT1 | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DFCs
(ii) Inhibit proliferation and promote osteogenesis | [248] |
| Human DFCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress miR-101 | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | miR-101 | (i) (+) SP7 (osterix) | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of DFCs
(ii) Promote osteogenic differentiation | [249] |
| Human GMSCs | | | | | |
| (i) Overexpress miR-3940-5p | (i) Plastic adherent
(ii) Osteogenic differentiation | miR-3940-5p | (i) (+) p15INK4b, p18INK4c, p19INK4d, Cyclin A, DSPP, DMP1, and DLX 5
(ii) (-) Cyclin E | In vitro
(i) As a therapeutic target of GMSCs
(ii) Inhibit cell proliferation, enhanced the osteo/dentino genic differentiation | [250] |
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