Comparison of Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Human Dental-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Dental Pulp, Periodontal Ligament, Dental Follicle, and Alveolar Bone

Figure 3

Osteogenic differentiation staining of DPSCs, PDLSCs, DFPCs, and ABMMSCs. (a) ALP staining of DPSCs, PDLSCs, DFPCs, and ABMMSCs after 3, 7, and 14 days of osteogenic differentiation (). (b) ALP activity assay of DPSCs, PDLSCs, DFPCs, and ABMMSCs after 3, 7, and 14 days of osteogenic differentiation (). (c) Alizarin red staining of DPSCs, PDLSCs, DFPCs, and ABMMSCs after 21 days of osteogenic differentiation (). (d) Alizarin red staining for analysis of the calcium deposition amount of the DPSCs, PDLSCs, DFPCs, and ABMMSCs after 21 days of osteogenic differentiation. (). (e) Alizarin red staining of DPSCs, PDLSCs, DFPCs, and ABMMSCs after 21 days of osteogenic differentiation () ( mm) (, , and vs. DPSCs; ^#, ^##, and ^### vs. PDLSCs; ^&, ^&&, and ^&&& vs. DFPCs; ^†, ^††, and ^††† vs. ABMMSCs).