Primary Cilia as a Biomarker in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Senescence: Influencing Osteoblastic Differentiation Potency Associated with Hedgehog Signaling Regulation

Figure 1

Changes in the morphology and proliferative activity of MSCs subjected to senescence induction. (a) Representation of morphological changes in primary MSCs (P0) and ageing P4 MSCs in vitro. Bright-field images of MSCs at P0 and P4 (captured on days 0, 5, and 10) showing that there were more proliferating P0 MSCs than P4 MSCs. . (b) The reduction in proliferative capability was quantified by the MSC population doubling time, which showed a gradual increase with an increase in passage number. (c) However, primary MSCs from young animals and old animals did not show a difference in MSC doubling time. The numbers represent the mean values. ; Student’s -test. versus the corresponding P0 MSCs cultured under the same expansion conditions.

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