Epicardially Placed Bioengineered Cardiomyocyte Xenograft in Immune-Competent Rat Model of Heart Failure

Figure 1

Timeline of rat surgeries. Chronologic study timeline in weeks (W). Sham controls received a thoracotomy at the time of CHF induction but did not undergo permanent coronary occlusion. A portion of CHF control rats were randomly selected to receive the graft therapy. CHF control rats that were not selected for graft therapy still received a sham lateral thoracotomy. Plasma was obtained by removing the superior-most portion of the centrifuged whole blood for antibodies.