Palmitic Acid Methyl Ester Enhances Adipogenic Differentiation in Rat Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells through a G Protein-Coupled Receptor-Mediated Pathway

Figure 2

PAME activates the ERK1/2 pathway through stimulating the GPR40/120 in rAD-MSC adipogenic differentiation. Treatment with or without PAME (50 μM) in adipogenic induction medium for 12 days enhanced the protein levels of GPR40 (a) and GPR120 (b) (). PAME (50 μM) significantly enhanced the adipogenic differentiation, and this effect was inhibited by cotreatment with 5 μM of GPR40 antagonist (DC260126 or GW1100) or 5 μM of GPR120 antagonist (AH7614) (c, d). These antagonists were dissolved in 0.1% DMSO (vehicle). PAME significantly increased the mRNA levels of Pparγ (e) and Gpd1 (f), and these effects were abolished by cotreatment with GW1100 or AH7614. Values shown in parentheses represent the number in each group. All data represent . , versus the CM group; ^#, versus the AIM group; ^$, versus the AIM+PAME group. CM: culture medium; AIM: adipogenic induction medium; Veh: vehicle.

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