Tailored Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Tool for Tissue Regeneration

Table 3

Modified EVs in the therapy of lung diseases.

Diseases	EV Sources	Specific substrates	Modification methods	Modified EVs	Biological effects	Ref.
ALI	BMSC	miR-30b-3p	Cell transfection	miR-30b-3p-EV	Anti-inflammation more effectively	[66]
ALI	Platelet	DEX	Incubation	DEX-EV	Targeted delivery and less side effects	[68]
ALI	HEK293 cells	Curcumin; RBP	Incubation; fuse targeted peptides (RBP) with LAMP2B	RBP-EV	Targeted delivery and increased therapeutic effect	[69]
COVID-19	Ginger derived lipid vesicles	miR396a-5p or rlcv-miRrL1-28-3p	Incubation	miRNA-EV	Remarkably suppressed inflammation and cytopathic effect	[73]
COVID-19	HEK-293T cells	SiRNA-GFP; RBD	Electroporation; cell transfection with RBD-VSVG fusion vector	SiRNA-GFP-RBD-EV	Targeted delivery	[74]
COVID-19	HEK-293T cells	PM targeting sequence	Fuse PM targeting sequence with ACE2	PM-ACE2-EVs	Increase the accumulation of ACE2 on EV and block the interaction of virus with cells	[75]
IPA	Fibroblast cell	CLD-loaded liposomes	Hybrid nanovesicles	CLD-hybrid nanovesicles	Targeted delivery of antifibrotic drug with high efficiency	[82]
AA	M2 macrophage	Dnmt3aos^smart silencer; PLGA nanoparticles	Synthetic EV-like nanocomplex	EV membrane coated Dnmt3aos^smart silencer	Increase nanocomplex stability; targeted delivery of nucleic acid	[86]