Tailored Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Tool for Tissue Regeneration

Table 5

Modified EVs in the therapy of digestive diseases.

Diseases	EV Sources	Specific substrates	Modification methods	Modified EVs	Biological effects	Ref.
Liver fibrosis	ADSC	miR-122	Cell transfection	miR-122-EV	Inhibition of liver fibrosis	[113]
Liver fibrosis	Fibroblast-like MSC	SiRNA or ASO targeting STAT3	Electroporation	SiRNA-EV or ASO-EV	Inhibition of STAT3 expression and ECM deposition	[115]
Liver injury	HEK293T	HuR; antimiR-155 fused with AREs	CD9-HuR fusion protein system	CD9-HuR+antimiR-155-AREs-EV	High encapsulation of antimiR-155; antifibrosis	[116]
IBD	HucMSC	miR-326	Exo-Fect™ agent	miR-326-EV	anti-inflammation effects	[120]
IBD	BMSC	HO-1	Cell transfection	HBM-EV	Anti-inflammation effects	[122]
IBD	Ginger plant	SiRNA-CD98; ginger-derived lipid vehicles	Turbo Fect reagent	GDLV-CD98	Targeted delivery; lower expression of CD9	[72]