Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and γ-Secretase Inhibitor Treatments Suppress Amyloid-β25–35-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rat Dams and Cortical Degeneration in Offspring

Figure 6

Photomicrograph of hematoxylin-and-eosin- (H&E-) stained sections of the neonatal cerebral cortex at PND21 of the following groups: (a) saline-injected group that illustrates that the normal pyramidal layers exhibit small neuronal cell bodies that have rounded open face nuclei (N) that are surrounded with a little cytoplasm, normal capillaries (BC), and normal glial cells (GC) that are seen within the acidophilic neuropil (). (b1, b2) Aβ25–35-injected group demonstrates degenerated neuronal cells (dN) with pyknotic nuclei and elongated filament and pericellular haloes (PV); some of these cells had pointed ends. There were many glial cell nuclei with marked gliosis (G) in a vacuolated neuropil and dilated, crowded blood capillaries. Rarely visible were typical pyramidal cell bodies, marked dilated congested inflamed capillaries (BC), neuropil () with marked vacuoles (V), and degenerated glial cells (GC). (c) DMEM group displayed normal cerebral cortex architecture. (d, e) AD treated with MSCs and AD treated with GSI-953 showed completely regenerated neuronal cells (N), normal capillaries (BC), absence of edema, and completely regenerated glial cells (GC) ().