|
MSC source | Treatment/model | Animal | Mechanisms | Main results | Ref. |
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Human UC-MSCs | Leptin receptor-deficient/T2DM MAFLD | Mice | Upregulation of the HNF4α-CES2 signaling pathway and regulate the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism | Alleviate hepatic steatosis and improve liver injury | [15] |
Mice ADSCs | HFD/NASH | Mice | Inhibit the proliferation of HSCs and decrease the level of IL-17 and the expressions of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and α-SMA | Inhibit liver fibrosis | [16] |
Mice BM-MSCs | MCD/NASH | Mice | Inhibit CD4+IFN-γ+ and CD4+IL6+ T cell proliferation and activation | Inhibit liver fibrosis and liver inflammation | [17] |
Mice BM-MSCs | HFD/MAFLD | Mice | Inhibit CD4+ T cell proliferation | Inhibit liver fibrosis and liver inflammation | [18] |
Mice BM-MSCs | HFD/NASH | Mice | Inhibit the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines and fibrosis-associated genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β1) | Inhibit liver fibrosis | [19] |
Human SHED-MSCs | CCL4/NASH | Mice | Protect intestinal barrier function and inhibit TLR4 gene level through the gut-liver axis | Inhibit liver fibrosis and liver inflammation | [20] |
Rat BM-MSCs | HFD/MAFLD | Rats | Upregulate SERCA2 and improve endoplasmic reticulum stress and intracellular calcium homeostasis | Decrease hepatocyte lipotoxicity and metabolic disorder | [21] |
Mice BM-MSCs | HFD/T2DM MAFLD | Mice | Improve mitochondrial dysfunction and decrease the level of reactive oxygen species | Restore liver function and decrease hepatic steatosis | [22] |
Human UC-MSCs | HFD/MAFLD | Mice | Decrease oxidative stress and inhibit the level of TNF-α | Decrease hepatic steatosis and hepatic inflammation | [23] |
Mice ADSCs | HFD/NASH | Mice | Upregulation of the Notch signaling pathway and the expression of transcription factor HES1 | Activate hepatocyte proliferation and inhibit apoptosis | [24] |
Human UC-MSCs | HFD/T2DM MAFLD | Rats | Downregulation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and decrease the levels of ALT, AST, IL-6, and TNF-α | Improve glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and liver injury | [25] |
Human UC-MSCs | HFD/T2DM MAFLD | Mice | Upregulation of the SIRT1 signaling pathway and decrease the levels of COX-2, ICAM-1, CSF-1, and TGF-β | Improve liver antioxidant capacity, improve mitochondrial function, and reduce apoptosis | [26] |
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