Regenerative rehabilitation is the integration of principles and approaches from rehabilitation and regenerative medicine with the ultimate goal of developing innovative and effective methods that promote the restoration of function through tissue regeneration and repair. Traditional rehabilitation training programs focus on the whole body and physiological responses to mechanical loading and/or modalities. In contrast, regenerative medicine pays more attention to molecular, cellular, and histological aspects of tissue regeneration. The integration of the two approaches is a great challenge but would likely have a synergetic impact on tissue regeneration.

Over the past decade, considerable effort has been directed at promoting the recovery of musculoskeletal disease (MSD) and finding effective treatments. Improvements in mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) capacity for proliferation are crucial for further progress in tissue engineering and cell therapy in MSD. Knowing that bone and muscle tissues have their own MSCs pool, clarification of physical therapeutic effects on MSCs would help us to understand the rapid tissue recovery after the application of these agents. Additionally, further explanation of this effect, at an ethical, molecular and clinical level, would be very useful. Due to the eventual application of these factors, it would be useful to further research the before and after effects of applying a therapeutic dose of MSCs for the treatment of MSD.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together original research and review articles examining any potential regeneration and/or rehabilitation methods in MSD.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Ethical aspects of stem cell application in MSD
• Application of stem cells in bone, muscle, and joint structure regeneration
• Novel stem cell applications and considered factors for the treatment of MSD
• Effect of photobiomodulation and pulsed electromagnetic field on MSCs
• Effect of combining physical therapy and MSCs injections on MSD
• Stem cell tracking and imaging technologies for regenerative medicine purposes