Tissue engineering and regenerative plastic surgery are interrelated terms that often go hand-in-hand when discussing fat grafting, stem cells (mesenchymal and follicular), biotechnology and bioactive molecules (platelet-rich plasma (PRP), micrografts), and biomaterials (scaffolds, hydrogels) for hair re-growth, face, breast, and body soft tissue volume improvement, and/or regeneration of tissues for biomedical applications (in relation to tissues of the face and body, cartilage, skin, and hair). Basic research related to tissue regeneration, both in vitro and in vivo, will definitively contribute to the regenerative plastic surgery field.

In light of current knowledge on fat grafts, chondrocytes, epithelial and dermal cells, human follicle cells (HFSCs), and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and their associations with biomaterials, numerous researchers have developed different strategies to improve the effects of these varied biotechnology applications. Over the past few decades, promising clinical outcomes have clearly indicated the positive effects of the use of biomaterials and/or stem cell therapy on tissue regeneration. For the successful clinical application of biomaterials and stem cells, it has become more important to develop tissue engineering protocols that can be shared between plastic surgeons, biologists, geneticists, and anatomy pathologists.

This Special Issue aims to collect multidisciplinary submissions of original research articles that demonstrate the biomolecular pathways and effects of fat grafts, stem cells, PRP, micrografts, and biomaterials in regenerative plastic surgery and tissue regeneration. Review articles that describe the current state of the art are also welcomed.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Breast augmentation with fat graft techniques, using centrifugation, filtration, enzymatic digestion, and/or other procedures of ASCs enrichment
• Breast reconstruction with hybrid techniques, represented by prosthesis and biomaterials (Mesh)
• Analysis of instrumental and clinical evaluations in patients with breast soft tissue defects or breast cancer and mastectomy outcomes
• Hair regrowth treated with cells (follicular/ASC/SVF/epithelial/dermal), PRP, growth factors, and other biotechnologies (micro-needling, low-level LED Therapy, and others);
• Fat graft maintenance estimated by instrumental evaluation in patients with soft tissue defects treated with fat injections enriched with stem cells (ASC/SVF) and/or PRP
• Face rejuvenation with fat graft techniques, or bio-stimulation with micro-needling
• Analysis of instrumental and/or clinical evaluations in patients with facial soft tissue defects or signs of ageing
• Cartilage and chondrocytes in nose reconstruction estimated by instrumental and team evaluations in patients with minor soft tissue defects of the nose (valve collapse and pinch nose deformity) treated with cartilage paste grafting (diced cartilage, shaving cartilage, and crushing) and/or chondrocytes
• Ulcer treatment performed with biomaterials/PRP/stem cells, estimated by instrumental and team evaluation
• Skin bio-stimulation with biomaterials/PRP/stem cells/micro-needling, estimated by instrumental and/or clinical evaluation