Review Article

Improving the Performance of Phase-Change Perfluorocarbon Droplets for Medical Ultrasonography: Current Progress, Challenges, and Prospects

Figure 12

Blood-brain barrier opening with ultrasound contrast agents. When transcranial ultrasound energy is delivered to the left hippocampus of mice, blood-brain barrier permeability can be increased in the presence of both microbubbles and phase-shift droplets. When coinjected with 3 kDa dextran, the fluorescence increase in histologic analysis of the hippocampus reveals successful permeabilization of the BBB as a function of peak negative pressure. Reprinted from [107], Copyright 2013, with permission from Elsevier.
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