The realm of pharmacology includes an organism’s gene products and their functioning, the overall physiology of an organism, the interactions that occur between a host organism and their associated microbiota, and even aspects of an organism’s ecology. The realm of pharmacology. Pharmaceuticals interact with individual body molecules, including gene products as well as products of enzyme-mediated catalysis. The goal with pharmacology, in turn, is a modification of the physiology and particularly the pathophysiology of treated organisms. Organisms themselves generally consist of more than just the products of their own genomes but also the products of their associated microbial symbionts [221]. An important component of pharmacology therefore is the interaction of pharmaceuticals with this microflora. Not shown is the impact of drugs that serve either as mutagens or as nucleic acid damaging agents, which can affect genotype as well.
