The Clinical Benefits of Adding a Third Dimension to Assess the Left Ventricle with Echocardiography

Table 2

Differences between left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction assessed by three-dimensional echocardiography and conventional two-dimensional echocardiography in comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance.

Author	Parameter	Mean difference ± SD from CMR
		3DE	2DE
Hof et al. [100]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−4±9	−54±33
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−3±18	−28±28
	Ejection fraction (%)	0±7	−1±13
Kühl et al. [101]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−13.6±18.9	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−12.8±20.5	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	0.9±4.4	—
Hudsmith et al. [102]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−4.1±29	−23±86
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−3.5±33	−19±60
	Ejection fraction (%)	−8±14	+3.7±16
Shiota et al. [103]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−43±65	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−37±67	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	1±4%	—
Cameli et al. [104]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−6±11	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−4±9	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	2±5%	—
Chan et al. [33]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−10.4±26.4	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−0.9±18.8	—
Sohns et al. [50]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	2.9±12	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	2.8±7	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	−1±5	—
Sugeng et al. [36]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−4	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−1	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	2	—
Nikitin et al. [105]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	7±28	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	3±22	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	−1±10	—
Nikitin et al. [105]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−14±17	−23±29
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−6.5±16	−15±24
	Ejection fraction (%)	−1±6	1±9
Gutiérrez-Chico et al. [106]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−3±1	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	2±7	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	0±6	—
Van der Bosch et al. [75]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−3±12	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−12±31	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	−1±7	—
Pouleur et al. [32]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−20±31	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−12±31	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	1±11	—
Qi et al. [107]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−22±23	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−15±20	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	5±10	—
Bicudo et al. [108]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−4	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	0.3	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	−2	—
Shimada and Shiota [22]	End-diastolic volume (mL)	−9.9	—
	End-systolic volume (mL)	−4.7	—
	Ejection fraction (%)	−0.13	—

2DE: two-dimensional echocardiography; 3DE: three-dimensional echocardiography; CMR: cardiac magnetic resonance; SD: standard deviation.