Winter Waterbird Community Composition and Use at Created Wetlands in West Virginia, USA

Table 1

Summary of overall and annual waterbird species use, richness, and diversity with their means and standard errors at 2 created wetlands (PC2001 and PC2013) in Pleasant Creek WMA, WV, from November to March 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. Individual and total species use was calculated using weekly high species counts per ha, while richness and diversity were calculated using total waterbird counts. Bolded means are significant following the use of the sequential Bonferroni approach. Italicized means indicate a result that was rendered insignificant after compensating for differences in wetland size.

Common name	PC2001		PC2013		P	2013-14 PC2001		2013-14 PC2013		P	2014-15 PC2001		2014-15 PC2013		P
	Mean	SE	Mean	SE		Mean	SE	Mean	SE		Mean	SE	Mean	SE
American Black Duck	0.032	0.02	0.185	0.15	0.313	0.026	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.066	0.038	0.03	0.362	0.29	0.274
American Coot	0.100	0.03	0.007	0.01	0.003	0.053	0.02	0.015	0.02	0.146	0.145	0.05	0.000	0.00	0.009
American Wigeon	0.019	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.156	0.026	0.03	0.000	0.00	0.323	0.013	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.155
Belted Kingfisher	0.031	0.01	0.022	0.01	0.555	0.023	0.01	0.015	0.02	0.653	0.038	0.01	0.029	0.02	0.694
Bufflehead	0.358	0.11	0.015	0.01	0.002	0.416	0.19	0.000	0.00	0.034	0.303	0.11	0.029	0.03	0.024
Blue-Winged Teal	0.016	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.055	0.023	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.102	0.009	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.323
Cackling Goose	0.005	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.179	0.003	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.323	0.006	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.323
Canada Goose	1.132	0.27	0.178	0.04	0.001	1.217	0.41	0.182	0.06	0.018	1.051	0.35	0.174	0.06	0.017
Canvasback	0.048	0.02	0.000	0.00	0.010	0.056	0.02	0.000	0.00	0.021	0.041	0.03	0.000	0.00	0.156
Common Merganser	0.006	0.00	0.007	0.01	0.912	—	—	—	—	—	0.013	0.01	0.014	0.01	0.912
Gadwall	0.211	0.06	0.000	0.00	0.001	0.360	0.12	0.000	0.00	0.003	0.069	0.04	0.000	0.00	0.125
Great Egret	0.003	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.320	—	—	—	—	—	0.006	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.323
Greater Scaup	0.034	0.02	0.000	0.00	0.067	0.036	0.03	0.000	0.00	0.235	0.032	0.02	0.000	0.00	0.155
Great Blue Heron	0.045	0.01	0.030	0.01	0.426	0.053	0.02	0.030	0.02	0.484	0.038	0.01	0.029	0.02	0.705
Green-Winged Teal	0.019	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.106	—	—	—	—	—	0.038	0.02	0.000	0.00	0.103
Horned Grebe	0.002	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.320	0.003	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.323	—	—	—	—	—
Hooded Merganser	0.089	0.02	0.170	0.06	0.191	0.125	0.05	0.258	0.10	0.249	0.054	0.02	0.087	0.05	0.516
Lesser Scaup	0.263	0.10	0.000	0.00	0.007	0.393	0.18	0.000	0.00	0.037	0.139	0.06	0.000	0.00	0.030
Lesser Yellowlegs	0.005	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.320	—	—	—	—	—	0.009	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.323
Mallard	0.155	0.03	0.415	0.17	0.135	0.122	0.04	0.152	0.10	0.781	0.186	0.05	0.667	0.31	0.136
Northern Pintail	0.010	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.179	0.020	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.179	—	—	—	—	—
Pied-Billed Grebe	0.090	0.02	0.015	0.01	0.005	0.063	0.03	0.000	0.00	0.020	0.117	0.04	0.030	0.02	0.074
Redhead	0.008	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.226	0.013	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.323	0.003	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.323
Ring-Necked Duck	0.537	0.19	0.000	0.00	0.006	0.614	0.28	0.000	0.00	0.033	0.464	0.27	0.000	0.00	0.089
Ruddy Duck	0.007	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.041	0.010	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.076	0.003	0.00	0.000	0.00	0.323
Tundra Swan	0.015	0.01	0.000	0.00	0.208	0.030	0.02	0.000	0.00	0.208	—	—	—	—	—
Wood Duck	0.063	0.02	0.430	0.14	0.011	0.086	0.04	0.182	0.08	0.261	0.041	0.03	0.667	0.26	0.020
Total species use	3.283	0.60	1.030	0.24	0.001	3.770	0.90	0.833	0.19	0.003	2.818	0.81	2.087	0.65	0.483
Species richness	10.1	1.68	3.2	0.47	0.001	10.8	2.48	2.8	0.66	0.014	9.4	2.50	3.6	0.68	0.056
Species diversity	1.441	0.18	0.831	0.13	0.013	1.448	0.29	0.771	0.22	0.10	1.435	0.25	0.890	0.15	0.099