Effects of Climate Temperature and Water Stress on Plant Growth and Accumulation of Antioxidant Compounds in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leafy Vegetable

Table 1

Effect of different climate temperatures (C, 25°C; T₁, 35°C; T₂, 45°C; and T₃, 55°C) and water stress (WS) treatments on malondialdehyde (MDA), total phenolics, and total flavonoids after two sampling periods (S1, 14 days and S2, 21 days) in basil plants (mean ± SD, n = 10). Different lower case letters indicate significance differences between treatments for the same sampling period according to the Tukey test (α = 0.05).

Parameter	Sampling periods	Stress treatments
		Temperature stress (°C)				Water stress
		C	T1	T2	T3	C	WS
Malondialdehyde (MDA), nmol g^−1 DW	S1	143.2 ± 10.10a	161.6 ± 9.63ab	169.9 ± 8.21ab	215.2 ± 7.31ab	143.2 ± 10.10a	172.8 ± 8.65b
	S2	147.4 ± 9.67a	187.4 ± 8.97b	204.7 ± 7.29bc	236.6 ± 6.32c	147.4 ± 9.67a	197.8 ± 6.88b
Total phenolics, mg eq “GA” g^−1 DW	S1	9.72 ± 0.16a	11.46 ± 1.58ab	12.97 ± 1.64b	14.98 ± 0.82c	9.72 ± 0.16a	12.31 ± 1.89b
	S2	12.39 ± 0.63a	17.97 ± 0.36b	15.58 ± 3.30b	17.86 ± 2.31b	12.39 ± 0.63a	19.38 ± 0.91b
Total flavonoids, mg eq “C” g^−1 DW	S1	10.22 ± 0.32a	11.13 ± 0.82b	12.22 ± 0.83b	12.91 ± 0.52b	10.22 ± 0.32a	7.25 ± 0.23d
	S2	8.72 ± 0.59a	11.23 ± 1.00b	11.6 ± 0.53b	13.69 ± 0.54c	8.72 ± 0.59a	5.13 ± 0.54d