Effects of Mulch Type, Plant Cultivar, and Insecticide Use on Sweet Potato Whitefly Population in Chili Pepper

Table 4

Influence of insecticide and mulch treatments on the average numbers of whitefly eggs, nymphs, and adults across cultivars, 2019.

Mulch	Insecticide application	Mean numbers of whiteflies (±SEM)
		Eggs per 1 cm^2 leaf	Nymphs per 1 cm^2 leaf	Adults per plant
Reflective silver mulch	Twice/week	1.14 ± 0.09 a	1.17 ± 0.09 a	0.86 ± 0.03 a
Reflective silver mulch	Once/week	1.18 ± 0.48 a	1.6 ± 0.27 a	0.95 ± 0.07 a
Reflective silver mulch	Once/2 weeks	2.21 ± 0.65 a	1.64 ± 0.21 a	0.99 ± 0.17 a
Reflective silver mulch	No spray (control)	4.90 ± 1.05 b	5.20 ± 1.25 b	3.20 ± 0.30 c
Rice straw mulch	Twice/week	5.11 ± 0.60 b	4.40 ± 1.58 b	1,59 ± 0.35 b
Rice straw mulch	Once/week	7.96 ± 1.92 b	3.98 ± 1.31 b	1.68 ± 0.40 b
Rice straw mulch	Once/2 weeks	10.17 ± 1.62 c	6.13 ± 1.78 b	3.73 ± 0.38 c
Rice straw mulch	No spray (control)	15.66 ± 1.4 d	13.94 ± 2.89 d	12.92 ± 0.63 e
Bare ground	Twice/week	3.68 ± 0.40 b	3.15 ± 0.54 b	1.18 ± 0.10 b
Bare ground	Once/week	5.48 ± 0.28 b	3.62 ± 0.71 b	1.34 ± 0.14 b
Bare ground	Once/2 weeks	13.42 ± 1.81 c	5.35 ± 1.04 b	3.99 ± 0.60 c
Bare ground	No spray (control)	18.96 ± 2.06 d	9.20 ± 1.85 d	8.53 ± 0.60 d

Means in a column followed by different letters are significantly different from each other (), according to Tukey’s post hoc test.