Securing ZigBee Commercial Communications Using Constellation Based Distinct Native Attribute Fingerprinting

<div>Received<i> conditional</i> QAM constellation points for <svg height="11.8174pt" id="M282" style="vertical-align:-3.1815pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 11.1398 11.8174" width="11.1398pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z" id="g113-84"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.071,3.132)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z" id="g50-50"></path></g></svg> quadrant projections in Figure <a href="../fig4/">4</a> showing pairwise relationship of five conditioned <svg height="17.8093pt" id="M283" style="vertical-align:-3.908299pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -13.901 34.8869 17.8093" width="34.8869pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M293 -169V-141C218 -131 209 -90 209 -44C209 19 222 85 222 152C222 207 198 255 139 269V273C199 286 222 334 222 388C222 454 209 523 209 588C209 632 218 671 293 681V709C234 709 148 695 148 577C147 513 155 438 155 372C155 337 152 291 64 285V256C152 250 155 204 155 169C156 105 148 31 148 -41C148 -157 234 -169 293 -169Z" id="g113-124"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.511,0)"><path d="M625 186C574 85 512 32 429 32C293 32 194 153 194 337C194 485 274 621 419 621C496 621 573 586 606 468L643 475C636 537 629 583 620 638C593 644 519 665 438 665C199 665 42 523 42 317C42 158 152 -15 418 -15C486 -15 578 5 604 11C621 46 647 122 660 171L625 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365 474 372C482 387 490 408 490 420Z" id="g176-108"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,20.951,-5.621)"><path d="M318 -137C221 -59 159 100 159 272S220 600 318 680L294 710C146 612 80 452 80 273V272C80 91 146 -72 294 -168L318 -137Z" id="g176-41"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,23.356,-5.621)"><path d="M513 91L497 125C461 87 438 71 424 71C416 71 410 77 419 106C440 174 459 243 472 310C497 441 467 454 445 454C419 454 393 443 360 424C319 400 237 344 180 265H178L196 336C217 421 207 454 182 454C146 454 84 416 25 354L42 318C66 342 103 368 113 368C119 368 124 362 117 333L31 -2L41 -12C59 -3 91 5 119 11C133 76 146 123 162 180C214 262 337 384 383 384C404 384 411 371 391 304C370 233 350 165 333 90C318 24 328 -12 359 -12C385 -12 449 23 513 91Z" id="g176-111"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,26.749,-5.621)"><path d="M291 272C291 452 228 611 76 710L51 680C147 602 211 444 211 272S151 -55 51 -137L76 -168C227 -66 291 91 291 272Z" id="g176-42"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.299,3.858)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z" id="g50-50"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.21,0)"><path d="M283 255V284C195 290 192 337 192 375C192 436 200 508 200 580C200 696 116 709 54 709V681C127 671 139 634 139 588C138 524 125 452 125 387C125 333 149 286 209 272V268C148 253 125 206 125 151C126 87 139 16 139 -47C139 -92 127 -131 54 -141V-169C115 -169 200 -152 200 -41C200 32 192 104 192 164C192 202 195 249 283 255Z" id="g113-126"></path></g></svg> subgroups with elements assigned using the indicated <svg height="10.1889pt" id="M284" style="vertical-align:-0.2325096pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.95639 14.7609 10.1889" width="14.7609pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M703 311H403V276C508 267 513 259 513 189V94C513 63 505 47 490 38C477 29 454 26 434 26C270 26 196 184 196 335C196 515 300 623 420 623C514 623 589 576 613 464L651 472C643 550 638 603 635 637C599 645 522 665 440 665C229 665 44 546 44 318C44 117 193 -15 425 -15C506 -15 593 7 653 21C648 47 647 79 647 115V195C647 262 653 266 703 276V311Z" id="g13-69"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.451,-5.741)"><path d="M504 89L488 119C453 85 428 69 416 69C408 69 405 75 412 102L462 304C492 438 460 451 436 451S388 441 356 423C311 397 229 336 170 256H168L189 340C208 418 200 451 177 451C144 451 82 413 24 352L40 322C65 345 98 369 108 369C114 369 119 363 112 335L28 -3L36 -12C54 -3 83 4 112 10C125 73 138 122 153 174C205 258 328 382 376 382C395 382 399 369 384 305L330 93C312 25 323 -12 351 -12C378 -12 439 21 504 89Z" id="g50-111"></path></g></svg> conditions.</div>

Security and Communication Networks

fig5

Figure 5

Figure 5: Securing ZigBee Commercial Communications Using Constellation Based Distinct Native Attribute Fingerprinting 