Under Quantum Computer Attack: Is Rainbow a Replacement of RSA and Elliptic Curves on Hardware?

Table 4

Comparison on public key cryptographic systems.

Signature; scheme	Clock; cycle	Executing; time (us)	Gate; equivalents	Time-area
RSA [5]	813	1790	107000	12.00
ECC [6]	1699	9.5	138000	32.30
UOV [26]	2300	27.7	56700	17.97
amTTS [26]	312	3.9	61600	2.65
enTTS [27]	10267	170	1000	1.42
Rainbow [28]	198	3.96	150000	4.10
SFLASH [29]	3200	1600	25900	11.42
This work	242	4.84	30000	1

time-area (clock cycle-gate equivalent) product of our implementations is normalized to 1.