A Secure Incentive Scheme for Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks Using Cryptocurrency

Table 1

Some remarkable cryptocurrencies based on blockchain.

project	launched	anonymity	remarks	ref.
Bitcoin	2009	pseudonymous	(i) first blockchain-based cryptocurrency; (ii) uses proof-of-work timestamping	[20]
Namecoin	2011	censorship registance	(i) first altcoin that implemented Satoshi’s BitDNS idea; (ii) key-value pair registration and transfer	[21]
Litecoin	2011	pseudonymous	(i) technical detail is similar to Bitcoin; (ii) aims to process a block every 2.5 minutes, rather than Bitcoin’s 10 minutes; (iii) uses scrypt in its proof-of-work algorithm	[22]
Monero	2014	pseudonymous,; unlinkable	(i) implemented based on the CryptoNote protocol; (ii) uses ring confidential transactions technique	[23]
Ethereum	2015	pseudonymous	(i) provides Turing-complete virtual machine, Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM); (ii) distributed computing platform featuring smart contract functionality; (iii) Ether is a cryptocurrency generated by the Ethereum platform	[24]
Zcash	2016	strong anonymity,; shielded transactions	(i) decentralized cryptocurrency that provides strong privacy protections; (ii) transactions can be controlled by a zero-knowledge proof called zk-SNARKs	[25]