Multiview Ensemble Method for Detecting Shilling Attacks in Collaborative Recommender Systems

Figure 9

The F1-measure of MV-EDM under nine attacks with various attack sizes and filler sizes.

(a) Random attack

(b) Average attack

(c) AoP attack

(d) Shifting attack

(e) Power item attack

(f) Power user attack

(g) Love/hate attack

(h) Reverse bandwagon attack

(i) Bandwagon attack