|
| System | Low latency | P2P network | Structured network | Main techniques | Application scenarios |
|
| Mix [65] | | — | — | (i) Mix-net | (i) e-mail |
|
| DC-Nets [71] | | — | — | (i) Broadcast/multicast | (i) Anonymously post messages |
|
| Tor [23] | | | | (i) Onion routing
(ii) Tunneling tool: meek
(iii) Protocol mimicry tool: StegoTorus and SkypeMorch
(iv) Randomization tool: Obfs, dust etc
(v) Anonymous domain generation | (i) Anonymously web browsing
(ii) Live chat |
|
| P5 [67] | | | | (i) Mix-net
(ii) Join dummy traffic
(iii) Broadcast/multicast | (i) Anonymous web transactions
(ii) Anonymous re-mailers |
|
| Crowds [66] | | | | (i) Mix-net
(ii) Probabilistic traffic routing mechanism | (i) Anonymously web browsing |
|
| Torsk [72] | | | | (i) Mix-net
(ii) DHT-based routing protocols | (i) Anonymously web browsing
(ii) Live chat |
|
| BitBlender [73] | | | | (i) Mix-net
(ii) DHT-based routing protocols | (i) Bitcoin mixer |
|
| Anonymizer [83] | | — | — | (i) Mix-net | (i) Anonymously web browsing
(ii) Anonymous e-mail services |
|
| Mixminion [84] | | — | — | (i) Mix-net
(ii) Anonymous domain generation | (i) Anonymous e-mail services |
|
| Babel [83] | | — | — | (i) Mix-net | (i) Anonymous e-mail services |
|
| I2P [24] | | | | (i) Garlic routing (a variant of onion routing)
(ii) Anonymous domain generation | (i) Anonymously web browsing
(ii) File transfer
(iii) Instant messaging |
|
| Atom [8] | | | | (i) Mix-net
(ii) Zero knowledge proofs | (i) Communication bootstrapping
(ii) Microblogging application |
|
| Riffle [70] | | | | (i) Onion routing
(ii) Verifiable shuffle technique | (i) File sharing
(ii) Microblogging applications |
|
| Loopix [11] | | | | (i) Mix-net
(ii) Join dummy traffic (loop traffic created by users and mix servers) | (i) Private e-mail
(ii) Instant messaging |
|
