Improved Outsourced Provable Data Possession for Secure Cloud Storage

Table 1

Notations.

Notations	Descriptions
	A multiplicative cyclic group
	A secure hash function such that
	A prime field
	The generator of group
	The user’s data file
	The user’s data file with blocks and slices
	The secret random values of user
	A random value that makes up the public key
	The secret key of user
	The public key of user
	The authentication label for the i-th data block
	The collection of authentication labels
	The processed data of user which include and Σ
	The challenge set sent by the auditor to CSP
	A rank-based Merkle tree built from user’s data
	The local log file of the auditor
	A record of an auditor’s auditing work
	The proof generated by the CSP or auditor
	A multi-proof based on multiple challenged leaf nodes