A Camouflage Text-Based Password Approach for Mobile Devices against Shoulder-Surfing Attack

Table 6

Comparing our results with most related works.

Study	Usability		Security
	Entry time (sec.)	Login success rate	Shoulder-surfing success rate
[12]	23–67	NA	NA
[38]	12.8–14.4	NA	NA
[15]	15.3	NA	NA
[16]	5.8–6.8	3.7–6.7%	NA
[23]	10	NA	NA
[22]	10.8	9.55%	10.42–68%
[17]	6.8–3.1	NA	10.5%
[18]	3.66	97%	16%
[39]	10.3–11.7	98.3%	NA
[19]	6.12	98.51%	85%
[20]	NA	NA	12.83%
Our study	20.8, 23.2, 18.5	76%, 64%, 94%	17.6%, 26.4%, 5.8%
	18.8^+, 21.5^++, 17.06^+++	79%^+, 70%^++, 97^+++	29.4%^+, 44.1%^++, 8.8%^+++

HTC: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3 | Tab: Type 1⁺, Type 2⁺⁺, Type 3⁺⁺⁺.