[Retracted] A Lightweight Proxy Re-Encryption Approach with Certificate-Based and Incremental Cryptography for Fog-Enabled E-Healthcare

Table 8

Communication cost in bits.

Guo et al. [51]	2 (K) + 4 (M) + 4 (MAC) + 1 (RA⟶B)	2 (256) + 4 (100) + 4 (512) + 1 (256) = 3216
Khan et al. [21]	2 (K) + 3 (M) + 4 (MAC) + 2 (B)	2 (256) + 3 (100) + 4 (512) + 2 (13) = 2886
Khan et al. [56]	2 (K) + 2 (M) + 3 (MAC) + 1 (RA⟶B) + 2 (B)	2 (256) + 2 (100) + 3 (512) + 1 (256) + 2 (13) = 2530
Bhatia et al. [64]	2 (K) + 2 (M  + 3 (MAC) + 1 (RA⟶B) + 2 (B)	2 (160) + 2 (100) + 3 (512) + 1 (160) + 2 (13) = 2242
Proposed method	K + 1 (CERT) + 2 (M) + 3 (MAC) + 1 (RA⟶B) + 2 (B)	1 (80) + 1 (80) + 2 (100) + 3 (512) + 1 (80) + 2 (13) = 2002