[Retracted] Analysis of Management Innovation of State-Owned Enterprises in the Context of Artificial Intelligence and Market-Oriented Economic Fluctuations
Table 1
Comparison of closed innovation and open innovation.
Comparative content
Closed innovation
Open innovation
Staff philosophy
The smartest people in our industry are the internal employees who work for us
The smartest people do not all work for us, and we need to use the brightest external brains
Innovation ideology
The company wins if it has the most and best creative ideas in-house
Companies will win if they leverage internal and external creative knowledge
R&D process
The entire development process, from idea conception to implementation, is closed within the company
External R&D can create great value and should be combined with internal R&D
Competitive advantage
Be the first to turn a new idea into a new product and the first to bring it to the customer market
Having a successful business model is more important than being first to market
Intellectual property
Strictly control your intellectual property so that other companies cannot profit from your innovation
Competitiveness should be enhanced through paid use of patents or equity partnerships
