Design and Analysis of a Provable Secure Two-Factor Authentication Protocol for Internet of Things

Table 1

Notations and symbols definition.

Notations	Descriptions
	The th user
	The th sensor
	’s identity, password
	The gateway
	’s identity
	Shared private keys between the user and gateway
	Public key of GWN
	GWN private keys
	Private keys of
	New temporary identity of
()	Hash function
	Bitwise XOR operation
	Concatenate operations
	Symmetric encryption/decryption
	Public communication channels
	Adversary
	Session key