Text Adversarial Attacks and Defenses: Issues, Taxonomy, and Perspectives

Table 5

Categories of adversarial defenses.

Deep learning deployment	Defense strategies	Relative work
Detecting adversarial examples	Local trigger detection	[27, 134–140]
	Universal trigger detection	[6, 141, 142]
Enhancement training phase	Adversarial training	[7, 77, 83, 143–154]
	Robust encoding	[154–157]
	Computing robust lower bounds	[158–165]