A Homomorphic Signcryption-Based Privacy Preserving Federated Learning Framework for IoTs

<div>Comparison of communication cost of VFL, CRT-Paillier, and our framework. (a) Traffic of a client; (b) traffic of the server.</div>

Security and Communication Networks

Figure 4: A Homomorphic Signcryption-Based Privacy Preserving Federated Learning Framework for IoTs 