Moderate Exercise Plus Sleep Education Improves Self-Reported Sleep Quality, Daytime Mood, and Vitality in Adults with Chronic Sleep Complaints: A Waiting List-Controlled Trial

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study samples.

	Groups		Statistics
Variables	Intervention group (𝑁=70)	Waiting-list control group (𝑁=44)
	𝑀 (SD)	𝑀 (SD)	𝑡	𝑃
Age	55.3 (11.2)	57.2 (12.4)	0.87	.39
Duration of sleep problems (years)	11.9 (11.1)^a	12.02 (9.6)^b	0.05	.96
	n (%)	n (%)	chi^2	P
Gender	18 men (25.7%)	10 men (22.7%)	0.13	.72
	52 women (74.3%)	34 women (77.3%)
Sleep problems
Solely problems with initiating sleep	5 (7.1%)	4 (9.1%)	0.14	.71
Solely problems with maintaining sleep	30 (42.9%)	25 (56.8%)	2.11	.15
Problems initiating and maintaining sleep	35 (50.0%)	15 (34.1%)	2.78	.10
Consumption of hypnotics	30 (42.9%)	22 (50.0%)	0.56	.46
Comorbidities
Somatic (e.g., cardiovascular disease)	52 (74.3%)	38 (86.4%)	2.37	.12
Psychiatric (e.g., depression)	14 (20.0%)	6 (13.6%)	0.76	.38
Medication for comorbidities	49 (70.0%)	33 (75.0%)	0.34	.56

^a𝑛=45 respondents; ^b𝑛=33 respondents.