Rising Prevalence and Neighborhood, Social, and Behavioral Determinants of Sleep Problems in US Children and Adolescents, 2003–2012

Table 2

Descriptive statistics of the sample for children aged 6–17 years, according to neighborhood, sociodemographic, and behavioral characteristics: the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health (𝑁= 63,352).

Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics	Unweighted number in sample	Weighted percent in sample
Index of neighborhood socioeconomic conditions
20.78–67.09 (least favorable)	4,618	8.88
67.10–88.32	4,187	7.31
88.33–104.99	10,635	17.62
105.00–111.40 (most favorable)	42,981	66.19
Neighborhood safety
Safe	56,356	86.57
Unsafe	6,328	13.43
Presence of garbage/litter in neighborhood
Yes	9,427	16.04
No	53,348	83.96
Poorly kept or dilapidated/rundown housing in neighborhood
Yes	8,717	14.21
No	53,981	85.79
Vandalism such as broken windows or graffiti in neighborhood
Yes	6,007	11.17
No	56,757	88.83
Index of neighborhood built environment
46.40–67.04 (low amenities)	5,121	8.53
67.05–81.39	8,227	12.02
81.40–104.99	20,306	32.40
105.00–116.40 (high amenities)	28,193	47.05
Neighborhood access to sidewalks or walking paths
Yes	43,947	72.19
No	18,840	27.81
Neighborhood access to parks or playgrounds
Yes	49,025	79.33
No	13,768	20.67
Neighborhood access to a recreation or community center
Yes	39,915	64.95
No	22,132	35.05
Neighborhood access to a library or bookmobile
Yes	54,594	86.33
No	8,122	13.67
Child’s age (years)
6–8	13,512	24.55
9–11	14,083	24.23
12–14	16,338	26.00
15–17	19,419	25.22
Child’s sex
Male	32,981	51.15
Female	30,371	48.85
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	43,444	56.53
Non-Hispanic black	6,363	14.81
Hispanic	7,245	18.85
American Indian/Alaska native	818	0.83
Asian	1,452	3.33
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	309	0.34
Non-Hispanic mixed race	2,753	3.74
Other	968	1.56
Child's nativity/immigrant status
Born to immigrant parents	7,964	19.02
Born to US-born parents	55,388	80.98
Household composition
Two-parent biological	41,673	62.49
Two-parent stepfamily	5,984	10.12
Single mother	10,744	19.76
Other family type	4,951	7.63
Place of residence
Metropolitan	43,859	83.69
Non-metropolitan	19,493	16.31
Household poverty status (ratio of family income to poverty threshold)
Below 100%	6,886	17.08
100%–199%	10,500	20.51
200%–399%	21,624	32.17
At or above 400%	24,343	30.24
Highest household or parental education level (years)
<12	3,666	8.47
12	10,263	23.53
13–15	17,813	26.87
16+	30,193	41.13
Television watching (number of hours per day)
<1	13,282	20.66
1	19,176	29.07
2	18,252	28.41
>2	12,151	21.87
Recreational computer use (number of hours per day)
<1	30,663	51.30
1-2	24,036	38.23
>2	6,352	10.47
Physical activity (number of days per week)
0	5,649	10.21
1-2	7,571	12.36
3-4	15,529	23.95
5+	34,096	53.48
Secondhand smoke exposure
Yes	5,293	8.93
No	57,620	91.07