Research Article
Daytime Sleepiness: Associations with Alcohol Use and Sleep Duration in Americans
Table 1
Baseline demographics.
| | Variable | Categories | Mean/% | S.D. |
| | Age (years) | | 53.1 | 17.4 | | Gender | Female | 57.84% | | | Race | White | 68.05% | | | Black | 10.20% | | | Other | 21.76% | | | Ethnicity | Hispanic | 14.71% | | | BMI (Kg/m2) | | 29.1 | 6.6 | | Mental health | Days with poor mental health (past month) | 3.21 | 7.30 | | Anxiety | ≥15 days (past month) | 12.61% | | | Depression | ≥15 days (past month) | 6.01% | | | Exercise (in minutes) | Moderate/vigorous exercise | 124 | 187 | | Education | College graduate | 26.51% | | | Less than high school | 21.30% | | | High school graduate | 25.88% | | | Some college education | 26.31% | | | Income (per year) | >75,000 | 29.79% | | | <20,000 | 17.24% | | | 20,000–25,000 | 7.65% | | | 25,000–35,000 | 12.45% | | | 35,000–45,000 | 10.40% | | | 45,000–55,000 | 8.78% | | | 55,000–65,000 | 7.03% | | | 65,000–75,000 | 6.66% | | | General heath | Excellent | 16.77% | | | Very good | 29.57% | | | Good | 34.31% | | | Poor | 15.80% | | | Very poor | 3.55% | | | Marital status | Married | 63.04% | | | Widowed | 9.43% | | | Divorced/separated | 11.11% | | | Never married | 12.29% | | | Living with partner | 4.13% | | | Insurance status | Insured | 85.35% | | | Caffeine use | Present | 91.06% | | | Smoker | Yes | 11.03% | | | Daytime sleepiness | Present | 15.07% | | | Sleep duration | Sleep duration (hrs) | 6.91 | 1.36 | | Insomnia symptoms | Difficulty falling asleep (DFA, ≥5 nights/month) | 16.05% | | | Difficulty maintaining sleep (AWAK, ≥5 nights/month) | 18.15% | | | Nonrestorative sleep (NRS, ≥5 nights/month) | 22.32% | | | Alcohol quantity | Drinks/day (past 12 months) | 1.25 | 2.28 | | Drinking frequency | Drinking days (past 12 months) | 40.9 | 85.8 | | Heavy drinking status | Present (past 12 months) | 9.77% | | | Heavy drinking frequency | Heavy drinking days (past 12 months) | 4.23 | 27.18 |
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S.D.: standard deviation.
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