Nitric Oxide Bioavailability in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Interplay of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Free Radicals

Table 1

ADMA as a cardiovascular risk marker in some cardiovascular clinical studies.

CVD	AMDA levels (mol/L)	Result	Reference
Stable CAD	>0.62 (highest quartile)	3.9-fold increased risk of acute coronary disease	[58]
MI	1.45 (median range of the highest tertile)	ADMA predicts mortality after MI	[59]
CHF	>2.5 (highest tertile)	High ADMA levels are associated with cardiac decompensation and major adverse cardiovascular events	[60]
AF	>0.63 (cut-off value)	High ADMA levels predict AF recurrence after catheter ablation	[52]
Ischemic stroke	>1.43 (above 90th percentile)	High ADMA levels are associated with increased risk of stroke in old patients and in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia	[54]

ADMA: asymmetric dimethylarginine; AF: atrial fibrillation; CAD: coronary artery disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; MI: myocardial infarction.