Residual Effects of Sleep Medications Are Commonly Reported and Associated with Impaired Patient-Reported Outcomes among Insomnia Patients in the United States
Table 3
Sleep-related trouble according to the presence of residual symptoms.
Residual symptoms
value
None ()
One or more (,274)
Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Nights out of 7 with trouble falling asleep
5.1
2.3
5.3
2.0
0.297
Nights out of 7 with trouble staying asleep
5.4
2.2
5.4
2.2
0.856
Number of days out of 7 waking before alarm
4.6
2.6
4.5
2.5
0.253
Number of days out of 7 waking tired/unrested
4.6
2.4
5.6
1.9
<0.001
Nights out of 7 with any problem above
6.0
1.5
6.1
1.5
0.891
Sleep problems interfere with home management
3.9
3.0
5.6
2.8
<0.0001
Sleep problems interfere with ability to work
3.1
3.1
4.6
3.2
<0.0001
Sleep problems interfere with social relationships
3.6
3.2
5.3
3.0
<0.0001
Sleep problems interfere with close relationships
3.3
3.2
5.2
3.1
<0.0001
Note: indicates Welch’s test was used in lieu of parametric -test due to nonhomogeneity of variance.
