Auricular Acupuncture and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia: A Randomised Controlled Study

Table 1

Linear mixed models with within-group effects for AA and CBT-i. Outcome variables are Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep scale (DBAS-16), Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD-A, HAD-D), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

	Baseline	Posttreatment measurement point	6-month follow-up	Baseline versus posttreatment measurement point	Baseline versus 6-month follow-up
	Estimate (SE)	Estimate (SE)	Estimate (SE)	Estimate (SE)	Estimate (SE)
ISI
AA	18.56 (0.70)	16.49 (0.94)	15.19 (0.94)	−2.07	−3.27
CBT-i	17.75 (0.65)	9.6 (1.04)	11.66 (1.25)	−8.16	−6.09
DBAS-16
AA	5.20 (0.29)	4.83 (0.27)	4.70 (0.33)	−37 (0.29)	−50 (0.31)
CBT-i	5.55 (0.25)	3.74 (0.34)	3.79 (0.44)	−1.80	−1.76
HAD-A
AA	5.58 (0.46)	4.69 (0.59)	5.22 (0.66)	−0.90 (0.46)	−0.36 (0.54)
CBT-i	5.93 (0.58)	5.24 (0.55)	5.32 (0.58)	−0.68 (0.54)	−0.61 (0.56)
HAD-D
AA	5.33 (0.56)	4.94 (0.46)	4.63 (0.50)	−0.39 (0.40)	−0.70
CBT-i	5.78 (0.49)	5.29 (0.56)	4.78 (0.51)	−0.49 (0.63)	−0.99
ESS
AA	4.56 (0.72)	3.75 (0.61)	4.44 (0.49)	−0.80 (0.54)	−0.12 (0.56)
CBT-i	5.12 (0.67)	4.85 (0.72)	4.65 (0.68)	−0.28 (0.71)	0.48 (0.57)

p < 0.05, p < 0.001.