Sleep Efficiency and Total Sleep Time in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes with and without Insomnia Symptoms

Table 1

Comparison of demographics and clinical variables between participants with T2D with and without insomnia symptoms using the independent sample -test and chi-square test.

	T2D only ()	T2D+Insomnia ()	value
Age			0.02^a
Sex, female, (%)	13 (46.42)	19 (59.37)	0.44^b
Body mass index			0.08^a
Education, (%)			0.42^b
Eight grades or fewer	0 (0)	1 (3.12)
High school	5 (17.85)	6 (18.75)
Some college	11 (39.28)	6 (18.75)
College graduate	7 (25)	11 (34.37)
Graduate degree	5 (17.85)	8 (25)
Ethnicity, (%)			0.28^b
White	21 (75)	23 (71.87)
Black	5 (17.85)	3 (9.37)
Other	2 (7.14)	6 (18.75)
Insomnia Severity Index			<0.001^a
Brief Pain Inventory (score)			0.001^a
Beck Depression Inventory (score)			<0.001^a
Generalized Anxiety Scale (score)			<0.001^a
Using positive airway pressure, (%)			0.74^b
Never	18 (64.28)	20 (62.5)
Current	9 (32.14)	12 (37.5)

^aIndependent sample -test; ^bchi-square test.