Occupational Difference in Association of Poor Sleep Quality and Metabolic Syndrome: Differences between Workers and Employees
Table 1
Comparison demographic data, metabolic syndrome components, and sleep quality components between groups of workers and employees.
Variable
Workers (153)
Employees (295)
value
Age
NS
Gender (percent of females)
2.6%
24.3%
<0.0001
Education
No formal education
20.1%
0.7%
<0.0001
Middle or high school
20.8%
1.0%
Diploma or associate’s degree
40.9%
23.6%
Bachelor or higher
18.2%
74.7%
Marriage status (percent of married)
90.3%
90.9%
NS
Shift work
35.1%
2.7%
<0.0001
Smoking
12.7%
8.9%
NS
Hypertension
46.1%
29.7%
<0.001
Hypertriglyceridemia
32.5%
45.6%
<0.01
Low HDL
64.9%
70.9%
NS
IFG
23.4%
18.6%
NS
Abdominal obesity
22.1%
26.0%
NS
Metabolic syndrome
29.2%
30.4%
NS
Number of metabolic syndrome components
NS
Subjective sleep quality
<0.05
Sleep latency
NS
Sleep duration
<0.05
Habitual sleep efficiency
NS
Sleep disturbances
NS
Daytime dysfunction
<0.05
Using sleep medications
NS
PSQI
NS
Poor sleep quality
30.7%
0.31.2%
NS
IFG: impaired fasting glucose; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Abdominal obesity: according to ATP III criteria: waist in females and ≥102 cm in males. Poor sleep quality: .
