Research Article
Association between Poor Quality of Sleep and Metabolic Syndrome in Ghanaian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 3
Prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome by sleep status of participants.
| | Good sleepers (n =156) | Poor sleepers (n =184) | OR (95% CI) | p |
| | All participants (n =340) | | | | | | Impaired fasting glucose | 25 (11.5) | 42 (22.8) | 1.23 (0.7 – 2.16) | 0.471 | | High blood pressure | 46 (29.5) | 74 (39.8) | 1.61 (1.02 – 2.53) | 0.04 | | Abdominal obesity | 19 (12.2) | 39 (21.2) | 2.08 (1.15 – 3.77) | 0.016 | | Reduced HDL cholesterol | 37 (23.7) | 78 (42.4) | 2.37 (1.48 – 3.79) | <0.001 | | Hypertriglyceridemia | 1 (0.6) | 3 (1.6) | 2.54 (0.26 – 24.63) | 0.08 |
| | Males (n =120) | | | | | | Impaired fasting glucose | 9 (14.5) | 11 (19) | 1.38 (0.53 – 3.62) | 0.514 | | High blood pressure | 16 (25.8) | 24 (41.4) | 2.03 (0.94 – 4.39) | 0.073 | | Abdominal obesity | 6 (9.7) | 8 (13.8) | 1.49 (0.48 – 4.5) | 0.485 | | Reduced HDL cholesterol | 3 (4.8) | 9 (15.5) | 3.61 (0.93 – 14.08) | 0.064 |
| | Females (n =220) | | | | | | Impaired fasting glucose | 16 (17) | 26 (20.6) | 1.56 (0.75 – 3.23) | 0.232 | | High blood pressure | 30 (31.9) | 50 (39.7) | 1.4 (0.8 – 2.46) | 0.234 | | Abdominal obesity | 13 (13.8) | 31 (24.6) | 2.03 (1.06 – 4.14) | 0.041 | | Reduced HDL cholesterol | 34 (36.2) | 69 (54.8) | 2.14 (1.24 – 3.69) | 0.007 | | Hypertriglyceridemia | 1 (1.1) | 3 (2.4) | 2.27 (0.23 – 22.16) | 0.481 |
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HDL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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