Optimal Allocation of Tunnel Safety Provisions Based on a Quantitative Risk Assessment Model

Table 1

The purchase costs, maintenance costs, and operating costs for various types of tunnel safety provisions.

Tunnel safety provisions	Types	Purchase costs (million SD)	Maintenance costs (million SD per year)	Operating costs (million SD per year)
Tunnel ventilation system	Longitudinal	50	5	0.8
	Transverse	80	8	1.8
Fire detection system	Heat	4	0.4	0.1
	Smoke	8	0.8	0.1
	AID	4	0.4	0.1
Fire verification system	CCTV	25	2.5	0.4
	Emergency telephone	20	2	0.1