A Hybrid Algorithm Framework with Learning and Complementary Fusion Features for Whale Optimization Algorithm

Table 13

Comparison of best solutions of the gear train design problem.

Method	ABC [39]	MBA [31]	CSA [32]	WOA	WOA-DE	WOA-BSA
	49.000000	43.000000	49.000000	43.000000	49.000000	43.000000
	16.000000	16.000000	19.000000	16.000000	19.000000	19.000000
	19.000000	19.000000	16.000000	19.000000	16.000000	16.000000
	43.000000	49.000000	43.000000	49.000000	43.000000	49.000000
	2.7e − 12	2.7e − 12	2.7e − 12	2.7e − 12	2.7e − 12	2.7e − 12